number

cartodb_id_

geometry

the_geom_GEO

boolean

cartodb_georef_status_

string

cause_

string

cited_by_

string

city_

string

country_

number

fid_

string

field_8_

string

neighborhood_

string

notes_

string

rank_description_

geometry

the_geom_webmercator_GEO

number

year_feral_

string

year_identified_

1
GeoJSON
null
1
GeoJSON
null
133
GeoJSON
null
17
GeoJSON
null
15
GeoJSON
true
Criminal Gang
Bunker
Ciudad Del Este
Paraguay
2
Black
GeoJSON
null
2014
14
GeoJSON
true
Criminal Gang
Norton/Paz
Gaza
Palestine
3
Hamas
Red
GeoJSON
null
2010/2014
4
GeoJSON
true
Pathogen
Norton
Guangdong
China
4
GeoJSON
null
2003
13
GeoJSON
true
Norton
Lagos
Nigeria
5
There are several ways in which a city may become feral. As noted,one is through rapid, uncoordinated growth and urban hypertrophy.The demands of the expanding metropolis outpace the state’s ability toprovide resources. The result is a softening of state controls, followed bya shift to a pattern of diurnal or patchwork sovereignty, and eventuallythe complete loss of operational state sovereignty over the city. Norton, 2010.
Red
GeoJSON
null
2010
7
GeoJSON
true
Norton
Mexico City
Mexico
6
Although Mexico City and Johannesburg clearly qualify for “yellow” and “red”status, respectively, it would be premature to predict that either of these urbancenters will inevitably become feral. Norton, 2003
Neza/Chalco/Itza Slum
Yellow
GeoJSON
null
2003
5
GeoJSON
true
Terrorism, Paramilitary Colony, NGO
Sullivan, Norton
Mumbai
India
7
Yellow
GeoJSON
null
2009, 2010
11
GeoJSON
true
Criminal Gang
Bunker
Nuevo Laredo
Mexico
8
Black
GeoJSON
null
2014
10
GeoJSON
true
Criminal Gang
Norton
Nuevo Laredo
Mexico
9
Examples of criminalized cities include Nuevo Laredo and Ciudad del Este. Such cities are no longer ours (i.e., belonging to sovereign states) but theirs (i.e., belonging to criminal organizations and networks), configured around the illicit economy for their revenue streams." Bunker, 2014
Tijuana, Juarez, Gulf Cartels, Los Zetas, Mexican Mafia, Texas Syndicate, Hermanos Pistoleros Latinos, MS-13, emerging 'narco-state'
Red
GeoJSON
2005
2010
3
GeoJSON
true
Criminal Gang
Norton
Sao Paulo
Brazil
11
PCC
Red
GeoJSON
2006
2010
8
GeoJSON
true
Criminal Gang
Norton
Tijuana
Mexico
12
GeoJSON
null
2010
2
GeoJSON
true
Criminal Gang
Norton
Rio de Janeiro
Brazil
10
An example of an international organization becoming part of local civil society might be theMedicins Sans Frontiers clinic, which opened in the Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, favela “Complexa do Aleamo” in 2007. Norton, 2010
La Rocinha
Red
GeoJSON
null
2003/2010
12
GeoJSON
true
Cartel
Warren,Bunker, Sullivan
Ciudad Juarez
Mexico
13
Narco-City
GeoJSON
null
2013/2014/2014
6
GeoJSON
true
Armed Insurgency
Norton
Fallujah
Iraq
14
Another way in which cities become feral occurs when a state has sovereignty ripped away. This can happen when state authorities are facing an armed insurgency. The example of Fallujah, Iraq, is a case in point. Norton, 2010
Red
GeoJSON
2003
2010
9
GeoJSON
false
Criminal Gang
Norton
Rosarito Beach
Mexico
15
Red
GeoJSON
null
2010
109
GeoJSON
false
Hamas
Paz
(Unknown)
Gaza
16
Feral
GeoJSON
null
2014
59
GeoJSON
false
Pirate Haven
Frick
Aceh
Sumatra
18
GeoJSON
null
2008
129
GeoJSON
null
19
GeoJSON
null
130
GeoJSON
null
20
GeoJSON
null
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feral_cities_database

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